The European Parliament has urged the European Union (EU) to freeze direct budget support for Rwanda unless the country cuts alleged ties with the Tutsi-led M23 rebels and grants humanitarian access to conflict-affected areas in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

In a 443-4 vote on Thursday, the European Parliament also called for the suspension of a memorandum of understanding between the EU and Rwanda concerning strategic mineral supplies, unless Rwanda withdraws from Congo’s internal affairs.

A parliamentary statement condemned the occupation of Goma and other territories in eastern DRC by M23 rebels and Rwandan forces, calling it an “unacceptable breach” of Congo’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.

“MEPs strongly condemn the occupation of Goma and other territories in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) by M23 rebels and the Rwandan defence forces as an (unacceptable) breach of the DRC’s sovereignty and territorial integrity,” the resolution stated.

While the measure is non-binding, it heightens pressure on the European Commission and EU member states to take concrete action against Rwanda.

Despite accusations from Congo, the United Nations, and several Western nations that Rwandan troops and weapons have supported M23, Rwanda has consistently denied any involvement.

Speaking before an EU panel on Thursday, Rwandan ambassador to Belgium, Igor Cesar, dismissed the allegations, stating:

“Rwanda is not the source of this conflict nor is it responsible for solving it alone.”

Tensions escalated last month when M23 rebels seized Goma, the largest city in eastern Congo. The rebel advance continues southward, raising fears of a worsening humanitarian crisis in a region already struggling with thousands of displaced people.

With growing international scrutiny on Rwanda’s role, the EU’s next steps could significantly impact both regional stability and diplomatic relations in Central Africa.